ویکی‌پدیا

بازیگری متد

(تغییرمسیر از متد اکتینگ)

بازیگری همذات‌پنداری یا مِتُد (انگلیسی: Method acting) طیفی از تکنیک‌های آموزشی و تمرینی است که توسط شماری از متخصصان مختلف فرموله شده‌است. این طیف از طریق همذات‌پنداری همراه با فهمیدن و تجربه‌کردن انگیزه و احساسات درونی یک شخصیت، به دنبال پروراندن نقش‌آفرینی صمیمانه، دقیق، چالش برانگیز و رسا است. در این روش، بازیگر به دنبال این است که شخصیت را با همه جزئیات و بدون احساسات خود، بازی کند. برخی از بازیگران مطرح برای اینکه بتوانند در این سبک موفق باشند مشقت زیادی کشیدند که در نهایت در روحیات و زندگی واقعی آن‌ها هم نیز تاثیر گذار بود.[۲] این تکنیک‌ها بر اساس سیستم استانیسلاوسکی ساخته شده‌اند و توسط بازیگر و کارگردان روسی کنستانتین استانیسلاوسکی توسعه یافته‌اند. در کتاب‌های استانیسلاوسکی: یک بازیگر آماده می‌شود، ساختن یک کاراکتر و ایجاد یک نقش این تکنیک توضیح داده شده‌است.[۳]

نقش‌آفرینی مارلون براندو در فیلم اتوبوسی به نام هوس (۱۹۵۱) ساختهٔ الیا کازان نمایان‌گر قدرت بازیگری مبتنی بر استانیسلاوسکی در سینما است.[۱]

در میان کسانی که در توسعهٔ این روش مشارکت داشته‌اند سه معلم با «تعیین معیار موفقیت آن» مرتبط هستند که هر کدام بر جنبه‌های مختلف این رویکرد تأکید دارند؛ لی استراسبرگ (جنبه‌های روان‌شناختی)، استلا ادلر (جنبه‌های جامعه‌شناختی) و سنفورد مایزنر (جنبه‌های رفتاری).[۴] این رویکردها اولین بار زمانی که آن‌ها در گروه تئاتر نیویورک و بعداً در اکتورز استودیو با هم کار می‌کردند، توسعه یافتند.[۳]

فهرست بازیگران متد

ویرایش
این فهرست ممکن است ناکامل باشد و هرگز نتوان آن را کامل کرد. با گسترش آن با استفاده از منابع معتبر، به ویکی‌پدیا کمک کنید.

منابع

ویرایش
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